Blind Experiment (single or double) - research methods. In a
single-blind experiment, the subjects are not informed about whether they are receiving an experimental treatment or merely a control treatment such as a placebo. In a double blind experiment, neither the test subjects nor the test administrators know precisely which participants receive the treatment, until after the study is completed.
Pectorals - the 2 pairs of muscles in the chest whose function is to adduct the arms by pulling them across the chest. The pectoralis major (popularly known as `pecs`) extends from the upper part of the arm up to the clavicle (collarbone), down to the breast bone (sternum) and the upper 6 ribs. The smaller of the two muscles, pectoralis minor, is located underneath, and extends from the scapula (shoulder blade) to the middle of the chest.
Catechins - a class of flavonoid present in tea, which gives consumers the health benefits of neutralizing free radicals and perhaps diminishing the health risk of cancer.
Antibody - a protein that is an intrinsic immune response in the bodies of humans and higher mammals as a defensive measure to ward off the threat from a foreign body. Helps the body to repel infections.
Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII) - one of the coordinated activities of the National Nutrition Monitoring System that was the first ever survey of dietary intake to be conducted each year across the United States. The survey is conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
No-till Farming - a methodology of crop production where the farmer limits or eliminates using machines to plow or turn over the soil (for instance, going over the field just once). The plant residue (stems, leaves, etc.) left behind after the previous crop helps to limit the growth of weeds and reduce soil erosion, but it also provides sites for parasitic insects to live and reproduce, resulting in a demand for better insect control.
Adipose Tissue - a specialized type of tissue in the human body that stores fat and also acts an insulating layer.
Agrochemicals - the term referring to synthetic chemicals - such as additives used in animal feed, pharmaceuticals, fertilizers or pesticides. They are utilized in crop cultivation in order to yield better produce or rearing of farm animals. Additionally, people utilize chemical pesticides within their homes or outdoors in order to inhibit termites and roaches, wipe fungal growth from shower curtains, stave off crab grass in their gardens, kill ticks and fleas on household pets and to disinfect outdoor pools, to list just a few `specialized` pesticide uses.
Gestational - signifying the duration of pregnancy from the time the embryo is conceived to delivery. Caffeine - a naturally-occurring stimulant found in the seeds, fruits, or leaves of an excess of sixty-three plant species across the world and is part of a set of organic compounds known as methylxanthines. The most commonly recognized caffeine sources are coffee beans, cocoa beans, kola nuts, and tea-leaves. This stimulant is a pharmacologically active substance and, based on the dose, can stimulate the nervous system to a moderate extent. This organic compound does not build up in the system over time and is generally purged some hours after it has been ingested.
Prandial - describing meals: pre-pandial (before meals or meal-times) and post-prandial (following meals or mealtimes).